NAME
fuser—Identify processes using files
SYNOPSIS
fuser [–a|–s][–signal][–kmuv] filename … [–][–signal][–kmuv] filename …
fuser [–l]
DESCRIPTION
fuser displays the PIDs of processes using the specified files or file systems. In the default display mode, each filename is followed by a letter denoting the type of access:
c Current directory.
e Executable being run.
f Open file. f is omitted in default display mode.
r Root directory.
m mmap’ed file or shared library.
fuser returns a nonzero return code if none of the specified files is accessed or in case of a fatal error. If at least one access has been found, fuser returns zero.
OPTIONS
| Options | Description |
| –a | Show all files specified on the command line. By default, only files that are accessed by at least one process are shown. |
| –k | Kill processes accessing the file. Unless changed with -signal, SIGKILL is sent. A fuser process never kills itself, but may kill other fuser processes. |
| u | List all known signal names. |
| –m | filename specifies a file on a mounted file system or a block device that is mounted. All processes accessing files on that file system are listed. If a directory file is specified, it is automatically changed to filename/. to use any file system that might be mounted on that directory. |
| –s | Silent operation. –a, –u, and –v are ignored in this mode. |
| –signal | Use the specified signal instead of SIGKILL when killing processes. Signals can be specified either by name (for example, –HUP) or by number (for example, –1). |
| –u | Append the username of the process owner to each PID. |
| –v | Verbose mode. Processes are shown in a ps-like style. The fields PID, USER, and COMMAND are similar to ps. ACCESS shows how the process accesses the file. |
| – | Reset all options and set the signal back to SIGKILL. |
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